Never miss LAQs for Mids & Semester exams in Applied Physics
Master Applied Physics Semester Exams! (Part B Deep Dive)
Hello Future Innovators & Engineers! π
Are you a B.Tech student striving for that top grade in your semester exams?
Whether you're from CSE, IT, ECE, EEE, ME, Civil, AE, BT, MIE, PCE, or any specialized branch like AI&ML, Data Science, IoT, Cyber Security, CSIT β is Applied Physics challenging your preparation?
Wondering how to tackle those in-depth, descriptive questions in your end-of-semester Applied Physics paper?
You've landed on the perfect resource! While Part A questions build your foundation (check out our previous post if you missed it!), Part B questions are where you demonstrate your deep understanding of concepts, derivations, and working principles. Excelling in Part B is crucial for scoring high in your semester-end examinations.
These questions require detailed explanations, diagrams, derivations, and application-based thinking. Mastering them means you've truly grasped the subject.
Feeling ready to dive deep? Here's a comprehensive list of unique Part B questions from past JNTUH Applied Physics exams, organized by unit according to the syllabus:
UNIT - I: QUANTUM PHYSICS AND SOLIDS
Explain Stefan-Boltzmann's law.
Discuss Born interpretation of the wave function.
List out assumptions of Drude & Lorentz free electron theory.
Explain Fermi-Dirac distribution of electrons.
Discuss the energy spectrum of black body.
Explain Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in detail.
Obtain time independent Schrodinger's wave equation.
Obtain eigen values and wave function for a particle in one dimensional box.
Will photoelectrons be emitted by a copper surface of work function 4.4 eV, when illuminated by visible light? Prove.
Derive an expression for the frequency of the scattered photon in terms of the frequency of the incident radiation and scattering angle.
What are the properties of black body radiation?
Arrive at Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle with the help of a thought experiment.
Discuss about importance of quantum mechanics in Science.
Derive an expression for de Broglie's hypothesis.
Estimate the energy of a particle in one dimensional potential box
Explain Compton Effect.
Show that the energies of a particle in a one dimensional potential box are quantized.
Find the probability of finding a particle between 0.35a and 0.65a where 'a' is the width of the box and particle is in the first excited state.
Describe the Davisson and Germer's experimental for verification of matter waves.
Electrons are accelerated through 344 volts and are reflected from a crystal. The first reflection maximum occurs when glancing angle is 60β. Determine the spacing of the crystal. Given h=6.62Γ10β34 Joule-sec, e=1.6Γ10β19C and meβ=9Γ1031kg.
What are essential physical assumptions needed to explain the characteristics of Photoelectric effect?
Derive time independent of Schrodinger's wave equation for a free particle.
Calculate the deBroglie wavelength of the neutron of energy 28.85 eV.
Briefly explain about the Compton effect.
State and explain the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Find the lowest energy of an electron confined in a box of side 0.1 nm each.
Derive Schrodinger's time independent wave Equation.
Derive one-dimensional time-independent Schrodinger wave equation for an electron.
Calculate the velocity and kinetic energy of an electron of wavelength 1.66Γ10β10m.
Explain Compton effect and derive expression for Compton shift.
X-ray photon wavelength 0.3 AΛ is scattered through an angle 45β by a loosely bound electron. Find the wavelength of scattered photon.
UNIT - II: SEMICONDUCTORS AND DEVICES
Explain working principle of Zener diode.
Illustrate working mechanism of PIN diode in forward and reserve bias.
With a neat diagram, describe working principle of Avalanche Photo Diode (APD).
Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
Define intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Discuss about them with examples.
Write the principle and working of BJT.
Write a note on LED and semiconductor photo detectors.
Write the principle and working of PIN diode.
What is Zener diode? Explain the operation of a Zener diode in forward and reverse bias condition.
Explain how a Zener diode maintains constant voltage across the load.
Explain with neat sketch the energy band diagram of unbiased transistor.
Explain the formation of depletion region of PN junction diode.
Give a brief note on the principle, construction and working of LED.
Explain the principle and working of PIN photodiode.
What are the characteristics of photo-detectors? Discuss.
Discuss Fermi level variation in p-type semiconductor with charge carriers concentration and temperature.
Evaluate I-V characteristics of Zener diode.
Derive an expression for Hall coefficient.
Discuss working of bipolar junction transistor (BJT).
Explain principle, characteristics and working of Avalanche diode.
Explain applications of solar cell in day to day life.
Discuss about construction, principle and working of a solar cell.
Evaluate working of various types of photo detectors.
What is a PN-junction diode? Discuss the V-I characteristics of a diode in both the biasing conditions.
Explain advantage of Zener diode over P-N junction diode.
Explain the Hall effect in metal? Derive the formulae to determine Hall coefficient and mobility of electrons.
An n-type germanium sample has a donor density of 1021/m3. It is arranged in a Hall experiment having magnetic field of 0.5T and the current density is 500 A/m2. Find the Hall voltage if the sample is 3mm wide.
What is an LED? Explain the working of LED with a neat diagram.
Write a short note on solar cell.
Distinguish between the intrinsic and extrinsic impurity semiconductors.
Derive an expression for the density of holes in intrinsic semiconductors.
Explain I-V characteristics of zener diode.
Explain the variations of Fermi level with temperature in the case of n-type semiconductors.
How the PN junction diode is formed? Explain the rectifying action of PN junction diode?
Write a detailed note on BJT.
Explain the radiative and non radiative recombination mechanism in semiconductors?
Explain the construction and working principle of PIN photo diode detector.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of LED in electronic display?
Write a detailed note on avalanche photo diode detector.
What is the basic principle of the solar cell? Explain the I-V characteristics of solar cell.
Explain the formation of p-n junction diode with its characteristic curve.
Explain the principle of operation of a Bipolar junction transistor.
Differentiate between Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors.
Explain V-I characteristic of Zener diode.
Explain about Solar cell and its characteristics.
With the help of schematic diagram, explain construction and principle of operation of bipolar junction transistor.
Discuss any three applications of Hall effect.
With neat plots describe V-I characteristics of a Zener diode in both biasing conditions.
Explain the formation of potential barrier across the pβn junction.
What are photodiodes? Explain working principle and structure of Avalanche photodiode.
Explain recombination mechanism in semiconductors.
Explain with neat diagram, the construction and working of solar cell. State few disadvantages of solar cell.
With relevant plots, explain V-I characteristics of a solar cell.
UNIT - III: DIELECTRIC, MAGNETIC AND ENERGY MATERIALS
What is ferroelectricity? Explain properties of ferroelectric materials.
Write a note on bubble memory devices.
Write a note on multiferroics.
Explain construction and working principle of rechargeable ion batteries.
Write Maxwell's equations and their importance.
Write about ferroelectrics and piezoelectrics.
Write the concept of domains in ferromagnetic materials.
Write the applications of magnetic materials.
Making use of Maxwell's equations, obtain the differential equation for an electromagnetic wave propagation in free space.
State Ampere's law and get an expression for "continuity equation".
Discuss the classification of magnetic materials on the basis of their magnetic properties.
A magnetic field of 1800A/m produces a magnetic flux of 3Γ10β5Wb in an iron bar of cross sectional area 0.2cm2. Calculate permeability.
Explain any one method to determine the dielectric constant of a material.
Discuss about electric current and continuity equations.
State and explain the basic laws of electromagnetism in their integral form.
Distinguish between conduction current and displacement current.
Write the Maxwell equations integral and differential forms. Explain the physical significance of each.
The dielectric constant of He gas at NTP is 1.0000684. Calculate the electronic polarizability of He atoms if the gas contains 2.7Γ1025 atoms per m3?
What is Bohr magneton? How it is related to magnetic moment of electron.
What is electric current? Derive an expression for the continuity equation.
Derive an expression for the Claussius-Mossotti relation equation.
Explain how the ferrites superior to ferromagnetic materials.
Explain in detail Hysteresis loop in detail.
Mention eight applications of magnetic materials.
Explain the term internal field. Derive an expression for internal field in the case of one dimensional array of atoms in dielectric solids.
Deduce Claussius-Mossotti relation for dielectrics.
Classify the magnetic materials based on atomic point of view.
State and explain Ampere's circuital law.
UNIT - IV: NANOTECHNOLOGY
Explain quantum confinement phenomenon.
Discuss fabrication of nanomaterials using Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD).
Write a note on combustion methods.
Discuss surface to volume ratio in nanomaterials.
UNIT - V: LASER AND FIBER OPTICS
Describe construction and working mechanism of Nd: YAG laser.
Write a note on optical fiber for communication system
Discuss construction and working principle of Argon ion Laser.
Derive an expression for acceptance angle numerical aperture.
Write the principle and working of He-Ne laser with neat energy level diagram.
Write any five applications of lasers.
Define acceptance angle and numerical aperture. Derive an expression for acceptance angle and numerical aperture.
Discuss the losses associated with the optical fibers.
Discuss various types of semiconductor lasers.
Explain the principle, construction and working of He-Ne laser.
An optical fiber has an numerical aperture of 0.20 and a cladding refractive index of 1.59. Determine the acceptance angle for the fiber in water. (Refractive index of water = 1.33)
Explain the propagation mechanism of meridional and skew rays in optical fibres.
A He-Ne laser emits light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm and has an output power of 2.3 mW. How many photons are emitted by this laser in a minute?
Derive an expression for acceptance angle of an optical fiber.
Explain optical fiber as a dielectric wave guide.
What are semiconductor diode lasers? Describe the construction and working of a semiconductor laser with energy band diagram.
Discuss advantages of diode lasers over gas lasers.
Draw the block diagram of an optical fibre communication system and explain the function of each block.
Consider a fibre having a core of index 1.48, a cladding of index 1.46 and has a core diameter of 30 mm. Show that all rays making an angle less than 9.430 with the axis will propagate through the fibre.
Discuss about the semiconductor laser.
Distinguish between the spontaneous and stimulated emission processes of light.
What do you understand by population inversion? How is it achieved?
With necessary energy level diagram explain the working of a Helium -Neon laser.
Explain briefly basic principle of optical fiber.
Derive an expression for the numerical aperture and acceptance angle.
Describe graded index fiber and explain the transmission of signal through it.
What is a LASER characteristic? What are the merits of a semiconductor laser?
Explain the principle and working of a Carbon dioxide (CO2β) laser.
Calculate numerical aperture of a material with acceptance angle of 60 degree in water.
Explain Total internal reflection concept. How it will be useful in an optical fiber.
Explain Acceptance angle and Numerical aperture.
Derive the relationship between Einstein's coefficients and explain their physical significance.
Explain the applications of lasers in medicine.
Derive an expression for acceptance angle for an optical fibre.
How is it related to numerical aperture? Find the numerical aperture and acceptance angle of a fibre of core index 1.4 and fractional refractive indices 0.002.
Practice writing detailed answers for these questions, including diagrams and derivations where needed. This will build the confidence and knowledge required to ace your Applied Physics semester exams! π
Looking for quick revision points? Head back to our Part A Essentials blog post!
(Link to Part A Blog Post - to be added) (Link to other relevant blogs/resources - to be added)
