C Program Code

#include <stdio.h> // Required for standard input/output functions like printf and scanf

int main() {
    // Declare variables to store integer operands
    int a, b;

    // --- Input from User ---
    printf("Enter two integer values for operands (e.g., 10 3): ");
    // Read two integers from standard input and store them in 'a' and 'b'
    if (scanf("%d %d", &a, &b) != 2) {
        printf("Invalid input. Please enter two integers.\n");
        return 1; // Indicate an error
    }

    printf("\n--- Arithmetic Operators ---\n");
    printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);
    printf("Addition (a + b): %d\n", a + b);         // Sum of a and b
    printf("Subtraction (a - b): %d\n", a - b);      // Difference of a and b
    printf("Multiplication (a * b): %d\n", a * b);   // Product of a and b
    // Division: Check for division by zero to prevent runtime errors
    if (b != 0) {
        printf("Division (a / b): %d\n", a / b);     // Integer division of a by b
        printf("Modulus (a %% b): %d\n", a % b);     // Remainder of a divided by b (use %% to print %)
    } else {
        printf("Division and Modulus by zero are undefined.\n");
    }

    printf("\n--- Relational Operators (Result is 0 for false, 1 for true) ---\n");
    printf("a == b: %d\n", a == b); // True if a is equal to b
    printf("a != b: %d\n", a != b); // True if a is not equal to b
    printf("a > b: %d\n", a > b);   // True if a is greater than b
    printf("a < b: %d\n", a < b);   // True if a is less than b
    printf("a >= b: %d\n", a >= b); // True if a is greater than or equal to b
    printf("a <= b: %d\n", a <= b); // True if a is less than or equal to b

    printf("\n--- Logical Operators (Result is 0 for false, 1 for true) ---\n");
    // Assuming non-zero values are true, zero is false for logical operations
    printf("(a > 0 && b > 0): %d\n", (a > 0 && b > 0)); // Logical AND: True if both conditions are true
    printf("(a > 0 || b < 0): %d\n", (a > 0 || b < 0)); // Logical OR: True if at least one condition is true
    printf("!(a == b): %d\n", !(a == b));               // Logical NOT: Inverts the boolean value

    printf("\n--- Bitwise Operators (Applied to integer bits) ---\n");
    printf("a = %d (Binary: ", a);
    for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) { // Print first 8 bits for demonstration
        printf("%d", (a >> i) & 1);
    }
    printf(")\n");
    printf("b = %d (Binary: ", b);
    for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) { // Print first 8 bits for demonstration
        printf("%d", (b >> i) & 1);
    }
    printf(")\n");

    printf("Bitwise AND (a & b): %d\n", a & b);     // Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1
    printf("Bitwise OR (a | b): %d\n", a | b);      // Sets each bit to 1 if either of the bits is 1
    printf("Bitwise XOR (a ^ b): %d\n", a ^ b);     // Sets each bit to 1 if only one of the bits is 1
    printf("Bitwise NOT (~a): %d\n", ~a);           // Inverts all bits (one's complement)
    printf("Left Shift (a << 2): %d\n", a << 2);    // Shifts bits of a to the left by 2 (multiplies by 2^2)
    printf("Right Shift (b >> 1): %d\n", b >> 1);   // Shifts bits of b to the right by 1 (divides by 2^1)

    printf("\n--- Assignment Operators ---\n");
    int c = a; // Simple assignment
    printf("c = a: %d\n", c);
    c += b; // Equivalent to c = c + b
    printf("c += b (c becomes %d): %d\n", c, c);
    c = a; // Reset c for next operation
    c -= b; // Equivalent to c = c - b
    printf("c -= b (c becomes %d): %d\n", c, c);
    c = a; // Reset c
    c *= b; // Equivalent to c = c * b
    printf("c *= b (c becomes %d): %d\n", c, c);
    c = a; // Reset c
    if (b != 0) {
        c /= b; // Equivalent to c = c / b
        printf("c /= b (c becomes %d): %d\n", c, c);
        c = a; // Reset c
        c %= b; // Equivalent to c = c %% b
        printf("c %%= b (c becomes %d): %d\n", c, c);
    } else {
        printf("Compound assignment with division/modulus by zero skipped.\n");
    }

    printf("\n--- Increment/Decrement Operators ---\n");
    int x = a; // Use a copy to show effects clearly
    printf("Original x = %d\n", x);
    printf("Pre-increment (++x): %d (x is now %d)\n", ++x, x); // Increments x, then uses the new value
    x = a; // Reset x
    printf("Post-increment (x++): %d (x is now %d)\n", x++, x); // Uses x's current value, then increments x
    x = a; // Reset x
    printf("Pre-decrement (--x): %d (x is now %d)\n", --x, x); // Decrements x, then uses the new value
    x = a; // Reset x
    printf("Post-decrement (x--): %d (x is now %d)\n", x--, x); // Uses x's current value, then decrements x

    printf("\n--- Ternary (Conditional) Operator ---\n");
    printf("Max of a and b: %d\n", (a > b) ? a : b); // If a > b is true, result is a, else b

    return 0; // Indicate successful execution
}
        

Compilation and Execution (Command Prompt)

# Navigate to your Week1 folder
cd ProgrammingProjects/C_Programming/Week1

# Compile the program
gcc operators.c -o operators

# Run the program
./operators
        

Sample Output (for input `10 3`)

Enter two integer values for operands (e.g., 10 3): 10 3

--- Arithmetic Operators ---
a = 10, b = 3
Addition (a + b): 13
Subtraction (a - b): 7
Multiplication (a * b): 30
Division (a / b): 3
Modulus (a % b): 1

--- Relational Operators (Result is 0 for false, 1 for true) ---
a == b: 0
a != b: 1
a > b: 1
a < b: 0
a >= b: 1
a <= b: 0

--- Logical Operators (Result is 0 for false, 1 for true) ---
(a > 0 && b > 0): 1
(a > 0 || b < 0): 1
!(a == b): 1

--- Bitwise Operators (Applied to integer bits) ---
a = 10 (Binary: 00001010)
b = 3 (Binary: 00000011)
Bitwise AND (a & b): 2
Bitwise OR (a | b): 11
Bitwise XOR (a ^ b): 9
Bitwise NOT (~a): -11
Left Shift (a << 2): 40
Right Shift (b >> 1): 1

--- Assignment Operators ---
c = a: 10
c += b (c becomes 13): 13
c -= b (c becomes 7): 7
c *= b (c becomes 30): 30
c /= b (c becomes 3): 3
c %= b (c becomes 1): 1

--- Increment/Decrement Operators ---
Original x = 10
Pre-increment (++x): 11 (x is now 11)
Post-increment (x++): 10 (x is now 11)
Pre-decrement (--x): 9 (x is now 9)
Post-decrement (x--): 10 (x is now 9)

--- Ternary (Conditional) Operator ---
Max of a and b: 10
        

Explanation of Code Snippets

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    // ... program logic ...
    return 0;
}

int a, b;

printf("Enter two integer values... ");
if (scanf("%d %d", &a, &b) != 2) {
    printf("Invalid input. Please enter two integers.\n");
    return 1;
}

printf("Addition (a + b): %d\n", a + b);
// ... other arithmetic operations ...
if (b != 0) { /* ... division/modulus ... */ }

printf("a == b: %d\n", a == b);
// ... other relational operations ...

printf("(a > 0 && b > 0): %d\n", (a > 0 && b > 0));
// ... other logical operations ...

printf("Bitwise AND (a & b): %d\n", a & b);
// ... other bitwise operations ...
for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) { /* ... print bits ... */ }

int c = a;
c += b; // Equivalent to c = c + b
// ... other compound assignments ...

printf("Pre-increment (++x): %d (x is now %d)\n", ++x, x);
printf("Post-increment (x++): %d (x is now %d)\n", x++, x);

printf("Max of a and b: %d\n", (a > b) ? a : b);